Multi-terminal Direct-Current Grids

Mathematical Imaging is currently a rapidly growing field in applied mathematics, with an increasing need for theoretical mathematics. This book, the second of two volumes, emphasizes the role of mathematics as a rigorous basis for imaging sciences. It provides a comprehensive and convenient overview of the key mathematical concepts, notions, tools and frameworks involved in the various fields of gray-tone and binary image processing and analysis, by proposing a large, but coherent, set of symbols and notations, a complete list of subjects and a detailed bibliography. It establishes a bridge between the pure and applied mathematical disciplines, and the processing and analysis of gray-tone and binary images. It is accessible to readers who have neither extensive mathematical training, nor peer knowledge in Image Processing and Analysis. It is a self-contained book focusing on the mathematical notions, concepts, operations, structures, and frameworks that are beyond or involved in Image Processing and Analysis. The notations are simplified as far as possible in order to be more explicative and consistent throughout the book and the mathematical aspects are systematically discussed in the image processing and analysis context, through practical examples or concrete illustrations. Conversely, the discussed applicative issues allow the role of mathematics to be highlighted. Written for a broad audience – students, mathematicians, image processing and analysis specialists, as well as other scientists and practitioners – the author hopes that readers will find their own way of using the book, thus providing a mathematical companion that can help mathematicians become more familiar with image processing and analysis, and likewise, image processing and image analysis scientists, researchers and engineers gain a deeper understanding of mathematical notions and concepts.

An all-encompassing text that focuses on the fundamentals of power integrity Power integrity is the study of power distribution from the source to the load and the system level issues that can occur across it. For computer systems, these issues can range from inside the silicon to across the board and may egress into other parts of the platform, including thermal, EMI, and mechanical. With a focus on computer systems and silicon level power delivery, this book sheds light on the fundamentals of power integrity, utilizing the author’s extensive background in the power integrity industry and unique experience in silicon power architecture, design, and development. Aimed at engineers interested in learning the essential and advanced topics of the field, this book offers important chapter coverage of fundamentals in power distribution, power integrity analysis basics, system-level power integrity considerations, power conversion in computer systems, chip-level power, and more. Fundamentals of Power Integrity for Computer Platforms and Systems: Introduces readers to both the field of power integrity and to platform power conversion Provides a unique focus on computer systems and silicon level power delivery unavailable elsewhere Offers detailed analysis of common problems in the industry Reviews electromagnetic field and circuit representation Includes a detailed bibliography of references at the end of each chapter Works out multiple example problems within each chapter Including additional appendixes of tables and formulas, Fundamentals of Power Integrity for Computer Platforms and Systems is an ideal introductory text for engineers of power integrity as well as those in the chip design industry, specifically physical design and packaging.

Clear presentation of a new control process applied to induction machine (IM), surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SMPM-SM) and interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPM-SM) Direct Eigen Control for Induction Machines and Synchronous Motors provides a clear and consise explanation of a new method in alternating current (AC) motor control. Unlike similar books on the market, it does not present various control algorithms for each type of AC motor but explains one method designed to control all AC motor types: Induction Machine (IM), Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (SMPM-SM) (i.e. Brushless) and Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPM-SM). This totally new control method can be used not only for AC motor control but also to control input filter current and voltage of an inverter feeding an AC motor. Accessible and clear, describes a new fast type of motor control applied to induction machine (IM), surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SM-PMSM) and interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (I-PMSM) with various examples Summarizes a method that supersedes the two known direct control solutions – Direct Self Control and Direct Torque Control – to be used for AC motor control and to control input filter current and voltage of an inverter feeding an AC motor Presents comprehensive simulations that are easy for the reader to reproduce on a computer. A control program is hosted on a companion website This book is straight-forward with clear mathematical description. It presents simulations in a way that is easy to understand and to reproduce on a computer, whilst omitting details of practical hardware implementation of control, in order for the main theory to take focus. The book remains concise by leaving out description of sensorless controls for all motor types. The sections on “Control Process”, “Real Time Implementation” and “Kalman Filter Observer and Prediction” in the introductory chapters explain how to practically implement, in real time, the discretized control with all three types of AC motors. In order, this book describes induction machine, SMPM-SM, IPM-SM, and, application to LC filter limitations. The appendixes present: PWM vector calculations; transfer matrix calculation; transfer matrix inversion; Eigen state space vector calculation; and, transition and command matrix calculation. Essential reading for Researchers in the field of drive control; graduate and post-graduate students studying electric machines; electric engineers in the field of railways, electric cars, plane surface control, military applications. The approach is also valuable for Engineers in the field of machine tools, robots and rolling mills.

Microdisplays are displays requiring optical magnification and OLEDs (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) are self-emitting displays where each pixel includes a LED made of organic material, in general composed of small-molecule organic material. This title reviews in detail how OLED microdisplays are made as well as how they are used. All aspects from theory to application will be addressed: basic principles, display design, display fabrication, operation and performances, present and future applications. The book will be useful to anyone interested in this rapidly developing field, such as students or researchers, industry professionals (engineers, project leaders) in the field of display development/fabrication and display end-users.

From mobile, cable-free re-charging of electric vehicles, smart phones and laptops to collecting solar electricity from orbiting solar farms, wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies offer consumers and society enormous benefits. Written by innovators in the field, this comprehensive resource explains the fundamental principles and latest advances in WPT and illustrates key applications of this emergent technology. Key features and coverage include: The fundamental principles of WPT to practical applications on dynamic charging and static charging of EVs and smartphones. Theories for inductive power transfer (IPT) such as the coupled inductor model, gyrator circuit model, and magnetic mirror model. IPTs for road powered EVs, including controller, compensation circuit, electro-magnetic field cancel, large tolerance, power rail segmentation, and foreign object detection. IPTs for static charging for EVs and large tolerance and capacitive charging issues, as well as IPT mobile applications such as free space omnidirectional IPT by dipole coils and 2D IPT for robots. Principle and applications of capacitive power transfer. Synthesized magnetic field focusing, wireless nuclear instrumentation, and future WPT. A technical asset for engineers in the power electronics, internet of things and automotive sectors, Wireless Power Transfer for Electric Vehicles and Mobile Devices is an essential design and analysis guide and an important reference for graduate and higher undergraduate students preparing for careers in these industries.