Design of Nanostructures

A comprehensive coverage of the physical properties and real-world applications of magnetic nanostructures This book discusses how the important properties of materials such as the cohesive energy, and the electronic and vibrational structures are affected when materials have at least one length in the nanometer range. The author uses relatively simple models of the solid state to explain why these changes in the size and dimension in the nanometer regime occur. The text also reviews the physics of magnetism and experimental methods of measuring magnetic properties necessary to understanding how nanosizing affects magnetism. Various kinds of magnetic structures are presented by the author in order to explain how nanosizing influences their magnetic properties. The book also presents potential and actual applications of nanomaterials in the fields of medicine and computer data storage. Physics of Magnetic Nanostructures: Covers the magnetism in carbon and born nitride nanostructures, bulk nanostructured magnetic materials, nanostructured magnetic semiconductors, and the fabrication of magnetic nanostructures Discusses emerging applications of nanomaterials such as targeted delivery of drugs, enhancement of images in MRI, ferrofluids, and magnetic computer data storage Includes end-of-chapter exercises and five appendices Physics of Magnetic Nanostructures is written for senior undergraduate and graduate students in physics and nanotechnology, material scientists, chemists, and physicists.

Authored by a leading figure in the field, this book systematically describes all the fundamental aspects and applications of inorganic nanostructures from zero to three dimensions. It not only discusses various synthesis technologies, but also covers the physical properties of inorganic nanostructures, such as optical, electric and magnetic properties, and practical applications such as energy storage (including Li-ion and Ni-MH batteries and supercapacitors), superhydrophobic and bio-applications, etc. The focus throughout is on the synthesis-structure-application relationships, including the growth mechanisms for the nanostrucutres. Concise yet comprehensive, this is indispensable reading for chemists and materials scientists.

Systematically summarizes the current status and recent advances in bimetallic structures, their shape-controlled synthesis, properties, and applications Intensive researches are currently being carried out on bimetallic nanostructures, focusing on a number of fundamental, physical, and chemical questions regarding their synthesis and properties. This book presents a systematic and comprehensive summary of the current status and recent advances in this field, supporting readers in the synthesis of model bimetallic nanoparticles, and the exploration and interpretation of their properties. Bimetallic Nanostructures: Shape-Controlled Synthesis for Catalysis, Plasmonics and Sensing Applications is divided into three parts. Part 1 introduces basic chemical and physical knowledge of bimetallic structures, including fundamentals, computational models, and in situ characterization techniques. Part 2 summarizes recent developments in synthetic methods, characterization, and properties of bimetallic structures from the perspective of morphology effect, including zero-dimensional nanomaterials, one-dimensional nanomaterials, and two-dimensional nanomaterials. Part 3 discusses applications in electrocatalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, plasmonics and sensing. Comprehensive reference for an important multidisciplinary research field Thoroughly summarizes the present state and latest developments in bimetallic structures Helps researchers find optimal synthetic methods and explore new phenomena in surface science and synthetic chemistry of bimetallic nanostructures Bimetallic Nanostructures: Shape-Controlled Synthesis for Catalysis, Plasmonics and Sensing Applications is an excellent source or reference for researchers and advanced students. Academic researchers in nanoscience, nanocatalysis, and surface plasmonics, and those working in industry in areas involving nanotechnology, catalysis and optoelectronics, will find this book of interest.

Learn to Use Nanoscale Materials to Design Novel Biomedical Devices and Applications Discover how to take full advantage of nanoscale materials in the design and fabrication of leading-edge biomedical devices. The authors introduce you to a variety of possible clinical applications such as drug delivery, diagnostics, and cancer therapy. In addition, the authors explore the interface between micron and nanoscale materials for the development of applications such as tissue engineering. Finally, they examine the mechanisms of cell interactions with material surfaces through the use of nanotechnology-based material processing and characterization methods. The text's three sections highlight its interdisciplinary approach: * Part One: Nanostructure Fabrication * Part Two: Bio-Nano Interfaces * Part Three: Clinical Applications of Nanostructures Among the key topics covered are nanotechnology in tissue regeneration; biomolecular engineering; receptor-ligand interactions; cell-biomaterial interactions; nanomaterials in diagnostics, drug delivery, and cancer therapy; and nano- and micron-level engineering and fabrication. Throughout the text, clear examples guide you through the chemistry and the processing involved in designing and developing nanoscale materials for biomedical devices. Each chapter begins with an introduction and ends with a conclusion highlighting the key points. In addition, references at the end of the chapter help you expand your research on any individual topic. In summary, this book helps biomedical researchers and engineers understand the physical phenomena that occur at the nanoscale in order to design novel cell-based constructs for a wide range of applications.

In this handbook and ready reference, the authors introduce the concept of plasma electrolysis, explaining how the coatings are characterized and discussing their mechanical and corrosion properties. They then go on to look at specific industrial applications of this powerful and low-cost method, including aerospace, the biomaterials industry as well as in the oil and gas industry.

With contributed papers from the 2011 Materials Science and Technology symposia, this is a useful one-stop resource for understanding the most important issues in advances in the synthesis, processing, and applications of nanostructures. Logically organized and carefully selected, the articles cover the themes of the symposia: Nanotechnology for Energy, Healthcare and Industry; Controlled Synthesis Processing and Applications of Structural and Functional Nanomaterials; and Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Noble Metal Nanostructures. A must for academics in mechanical and chemical engineering, materials and or ceramics, and chemistry.

A Step-by-step guide to the synthesis and characterization of metal-polymer nanocomposites Polymer nanocomposites, polymers that are reinforced with nano-sized particles, provide enhanced mechanical, thermal, electrical, and barrier properties. Continued research and development of new polymer nanocomposites promises to provide enhanced materials to a broad range of industries, such as plastics, aerospace, automotive, electronics, packaging, and biomedical devices. Structured as a practical laboratory manual, this book enables readers to expertly synthesize and characterize metal-polymer nanocomposites by clearly setting forth the principles and techniques. Nanocomposites: In Situ Synthesis of Polymer-Embedded Nanostructures features contributions from an international team of materials science and nanotechnology experts. Chapters reflect the authors' critical review of the literature as well as their own laboratory experience working with polymer nanocomposites. The book begins with a detailed introduction to the science, properties, and applications of metal-polymer nanocomposites. Next, it covers such topics as: Morphological and topological concepts Phase separation and nanoparticle aggregation Methods for the synthesis of nanocomposites Morphological control Characterization techniques and data analysis methods Toxicity considerations High-resolution images of metal nanoparticles, created by transmission electron microscopy, are provided throughout the book. There are also plenty of process schemes and detailed drawings, helping readers better understand how to synthesize, characterize, and use these composite materials. A bibliography at the end of each chapter provides a gateway to original research papers and reviews in the field. With its focus on the practical steps of synthesis and characterization, Nanocomposites: In Situ Synthesis of Polymer-Embedded Nanostructures is recommended for both students and practitioners in nanotechnology, polymer science, and materials science and engineering.

This work fills the gap for a comprehensive reference conveying the developments in global optimization of atomic structures using genetic algorithms. Over the last few decades, such algorithms based on mimicking the processes of natural evolution have made their way from computer science disciplines to solid states physics and chemistry, where they have demonstrated their versatility and predictive power for many materials. Following an introduction and historical perspective, the text moves on to provide an in-depth description of the algorithm before describing its applications to crystal structure prediction, atomic clusters, surface and interface reconstructions, and quasi one-dimensional nanostructures. The final chapters provide a brief account of other methods for atomic structure optimization and perspectives on the future of the field.

Dedicated to SiC-based 1D nanostructures, this book explains the properties and different growth methods of these nanostructures. It details carburization of silicon nanowires, a growth process for obtaining original Si-SiC core-shell nanowires and SiC nanotubes of high crystalline quality, thanks to the control of the siliconout-diffusion. The potential applications of these particular nano-objects is also discussed, with regards to their eventual integration in biology, energy and electronics.

This monograph for young researchers and professionals looking for a comprehensive reference offers an advanced treatment of the topic that extends beyond an introductory work. As such, it systematically covers the inorganic nanostructures in the breadth needed, while presenting them together with the surface science tools used to characterize them, such as electron spectroscopy and scanning probe techniques. The unique challenges in the fabrication of nanostructures are illustrated, and set into context of controlling structure, dimensionality and electronic properties.