Hydrogen Storage Technologies

The book is organized in three parts. Part I shows how the catalytic and electrochemical principles involve hydrogen production technologies. Part II is devoted to biohydrogen production and introduces gasification and fast pyrolysis biomass, dark fermentation, microbial electrolysis and power production from algae. The last part of the book is concerned with the photo hydrogen generation technologies. Recent developments in the area of semiconductor-based nanomaterials, specifically semiconductor oxides, nitrides and metal-free semiconductors based nanomaterials for photocatalytic hydrogen production are extensively discussed in this part.

Owing to the limited resources of fossil fuels, hydrogen is proposed as an alternative and environment-friendly energy carrier. However, its potential is limited by storage problems, especially for mobile applications. Current technologies, as compressed gas or liquefied hydrogen, comprise severe disadvantages and the storage of hydrogen in lightweight solids could be the solution to this problem. Since the optimal storage mechanism and optimal material have yet to be identified, this first handbook on the topic provides an excellent overview of the most probable candidates, highlighting both their advantages as well as drawbacks. From the contents: ? Physisorption ? Clathrates ? Metal hydrides ? Complex hydrides ? Amides, imides, and mixtures ? Tailoring Reaction Enthalpies ? Borazan ? Aluminum hydride ? Nanoparticles A one-stop reference on all questions concerning hydrogen storage for physical and solid state chemists, materials scientists, chemical engineers, and physicists.

Hydrogen storage is considered a key technology for stationary and portable power generation especially for transportation. This volume covers the novel technologies to efficiently store and distribute hydrogen and discusses the underlying basics as well as the advanced details in hydrogen storage technologies. The book has two major parts: Chemical and electrochemical hydrogen storage and Carbon-based materials for hydrogen storage. The following subjects are detaled in Part I: • Multi stage compression system based on metal hydrides; • Metal-N-H systems and their physico-chemical properties; • Mg-based nano materials with enhanced sorption kinetics; • Gaseous and electrochemical hydrogen storage in the Ti-Z-Ni; • Electrochemical methods for hydrogenation/dehydrogenation of metal hydrides. In Part II the following subjects are addressed: • Activated carbon for hydrogen storage obtained from agro-industrial waste; • Hydrogen storage using carbonaceous materials; • Hydrogen storage performance of composite material consisting of single walled carbon nanotubes and metal oxide nanoparticles; • Hydrogen storage characteristics of graphene addition of hydrogen storage materials; • Discussion of the crucial features of hydrogen adsorption of nanotextured carbon-based materials.

The potential use of hydrogen as a clean and renewable fuel resource has generated significant attention in recent years, especially given the rapidly increasing demand for energy sources and the dwindling availability of fossil fuels. Hydrogen is an “ideal fuel” in several ways. Its only byproduct of consumption is water; it is the most abundant element in the universe; and it is available at low cost. Hydrogen generation is possible via a number of possible chemical processes, to separate the hydrogen from its bond with atoms such as carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. In this book, the authors provide the scientific foundations for established and innovative methods of hydrogen extraction; outline solutions for its storage; and illustrate its applications in the fields of petroleum, chemical, metallurgical, physics, and manufacturing. Addresses the three fundamental aspects of hydrogen as a fuel resource: generation, storage, and utilization Provides theoretical basis for the chemical processes required for hydrogen generation, including solar, photoelectrochemical, thermochemical, and fermentation methods Discusses storage of hydrogen based on metal hydrides, hydrocarbons, high pressure compression, and cryogenics Examines the applications of hydrogen utilization in the fields of petroleum, chemical, metallurgical, physics, and manufacturing Contains over 90 figures, including 27 color figures

Covers the timely topic of fuel cells and hydrogen-based energy from its fundamentals to practical applications Serves as a resource for practicing researchers and as a text in graduate-level programs Tackles crucial aspects in light of the new directions in the energy industry, in particular how to integrate fuel processing into contemporary systems like nuclear and gas power plants Includes homework-style problems

Energy storage examines different applications such as electric power generation, transmission and distribution systems, pulsed systems, transportation, buildings and mobile applications. For each of these applications, proper energy storage technologies are foreseen, with their advantages, disadvantages and limits. As electricity cannot be stored cheaply in large quantities, energy has to be stored in another form (chemical, thermal, electromagnetic, mechanical) and then converted back into electric power and/or energy using conversion systems. Most of the storage technologies are examined: batteries, hydrogen, super capacitors, SMES, flywheels, CAES, thermal storage and hydraulic gravitational storage.

Introduces the field of hydrogen technology and explains the basic chemistry underlying promising and innovative new technologies This new and completely updated edition of Introduction to Hydrogen Technology explains, at an introductory level, the scientific and technical aspects of hydrogen technology. It incorporates information on the latest developments and the current research in the field, including: new techniques for isolating and storing hydrogen, usage as a fuel for automobiles, residential power systems, mobile power systems, and space applications. Introduction to Hydrogen Technology, Second Edition features classroom-tested exercises and sample problems. It details new economical methods for isolating the pure hydrogen molecule. These less expensive methods help make hydrogen fuel a very viable alternative to petroleum-based energy. The book also adds a new chapter on hydrogen production and batteries. It also provides in-depth coverage of the many technical hurdles in hydrogen storage. The developments in fuel cells since the last edition has been updated. Offers new chapters on hydrogen production, storage, and batteries Features new sections on advanced hydrogen systems, new membranes, greenhouse gas sensors and updated technologies involving solar and wind energies Includes problems at the end of the Chapters, as well as solutions for adopters This book is an introduction to hydrogen technology for students who have taken at least one course in general chemistry and calculus; it will also be a resource book for scientists and researchers working in hydrogen-based technologies, as well as anyone interested in sustainable energy.

Covering the various aspects of this fast-evolving field, this comprehensive book includes the fundamentals and a comparison of current applications, while focusing on the latest, novel achievements and future directions. The introductory chapters explore the thermodynamic and electrochemical processes to better understand how electrolysis cells work, and how these can be combined to build large electrolysis modules. The book then goes on to discuss the electrolysis process and the characteristics, advantages, drawbacks, and challenges of the main existing electrolysis technologies. Current manufacturers and the main features of commercially available electrolyzers are extensively reviewed. The final chapters then present the possible configurations for integrating water electrolysis units with renewable energy sources in both autonomous and grid-connected systems, and comment on some relevant demonstration projects. Written by an internationally renowned team from academia and industry, the result is an invaluable review of the field and a discussion of known limitations and future perspectives.

The world’s energy landscape is very complex. Fossil fuels, especially because of hydraulic fracturing, are still a mainstay of global energy production, but renewable energy sources, such as wind, solar, and others, are increasing in importance for global energy sustainability. Experts and non-experts agree that the next game-changer in this area will be energy storage.  Energy storage is crucial for continuous operation of power plants and can supplement basic power generation sources over a stand-alone system. It can enhance capacity and leads to greater security, including continuous electricity supply and other applications. A dependable energy storage system not only guarantees that the grid will not go down, but also increases efficacy and efficiency of any energy system.  This groundbreaking new volume in this forward thinking series addresses all of these issues, laying out the latest advances and addressing the most serious current concerns in energy storage. Whether for the veteran engineer or the student, this latest volume in the series, “Advances in Renewable Energy,” is a must-have for any library.

Storage Networks Explained has much to recommend it.... a rarity in the literature of digital data storage – a complete exposition of both the base subject matter and its applications, which at the same time offers a level of readability making it suitable as an introduction to the subject. Storage Networks Explained is also flexible. It can be read cover-to-cover, browsed, or used as a reference. I recommend Storage Networks Explained as an essential component of any active information technology library. &emdash;Paul Massiglia, Technical Director, VERITAS Software Corporation Storage networks will become a basic technology like databases or local area networks. According to market research, 70% of external storage devices will be connected via storage networks in 2003. The authors have hands-on experience of network storage hardware and software, they teach customers about concrete network storage products, they understand the concepts behind storage networks, and show customers how storage networks address their business needs. Storage networks provide shared access to stored data from multiple computers and servers, thus increasing storage efficiency and availability. They permit information management functions such as backup and recovery, data mirroring, disaster recovery, and data migration to be performed quickly and efficiently, with a minimum of system overhead. This book explains how to use storage networks to fix malfunctioning business processes, covering the technologies as well as applications. A hot topic that will become increasingly important in the coming years. One of the first books to focus on using rather than building storage networks, and how to solve problems. Looking beyond technology and showing the true benefits of storage networks. Covers fibre channel SAN, Network Attached Storage, iSCSI and InfiniBand technologies. Contains several case studies (e.g. the example of a travel portal, protecting a critical database) Endorsed by the Storage Networking Industry Association. Written by very experienced professionals who tailored the book specifically to meet customer needs including support with supplementry material on Troppens website and Preface written by Tony Clark. Provides basic application information key for systems administrators, database administrators and managers who need to know about the networking aspects of their systems. As well as systems architects, network managers, information management directors and decision makers. This book also supports applications for graduate students and other relevant courses in the field. Awarded Best System Administration Book 2005 by the Linux Journal