Infrared Thermal Imaging

This richly illustrated hands-on guide is designed for researchers, teachers and practitioners. The huge selection of examples taken from science, basic teaching of physics, practical applications in industry and a variety of other disciplines spanning the range from medicine to volcano research allows readers to pick those that come closest to their own individual task at hand. Following a look at the fundamentals of IR thermal imaging, properties of the imaging systems, as well as basic and advanced methods, the book goes on to discuss IR imaging applications in teaching, research and industry. Specific examples include thermography of buildings, microsystems and the rather new field of IR imaging of gases. Impartially written by expert authors in the field from a renowned applied science institution, who are in the unique position of having both experience in public and private research and in teaching, this comprehensive book can be used for teaching beginners in the field as well as providing further education to specialized staff, students and researchers.

An all-inclusive guide on the analytical methods of Raman, infrared, and near-infrared chemical imaging An underutilized technology, chemical imaging through Raman, infrared (IR), and near-infrared (NIR) is beginning to gain recognition for its non-destructive method of permitting visualization of spatially resolved chemical information. This type of analysis is triggering a groundswell of demand as manufactured materials become more complex and the need for greater scrutiny and less damaging research practices is at a premium. Concentrating on the applications of chemical imaging, this book presents a thorough background on the theory, software, and hardware employed in this analytical technique. With full examination of this rapidly growing field, this book: Combines many different aspects and applications into one comprehensive volume Discusses how chemical imaging techniques have expanded greatly in terms of instruments and applications, but have lagged in general awareness among scientists and industries that would benefit the most from them Describes chemical imaging uses in key areas—biomedical, pharmaceutical, food, and polymer research Has chapters that outline hardware and instrumentation for the different methods of chemical imaging Encapsulating analytic methods without complicating the subject matter, this book shows where chemical imaging has been successfully applied, inspiring researchers to cultivate the exciting capabilities rooted within this powerful and multifaceted technology.

This second edition of the successful ready reference is updated and revised with approximately 30% new content to reflect the numerous instrumental developments and improvements, as well as the significant expansion of this rapidly developing field. For example, the combination of IR imaging with AFM has enhanced the achievable lateral resolution by an order of magnitude down to a few hundred nanometers, thus launching a multiplicity of new applications in material science. Furthermore, Raman and IR spectroscopic imaging have become key technologies for the life sciences and today contribute tremendously to a better and more detailed understanding of numerous biological and medical research topics. The topical structure of this new edition is now subdivided into four parts. The first treats the fundamentals of the instrumentation for infrared and Raman imaging and mapping and an overview on the chemometric tools for image analysis. The second part describes a wide varie-ty of applications ranging from biomedical via food, agriculture and plants to polymers and pharmaceuticals. This is followed by a description of imaging techniques operating beyond the diffraction limit, while the final part covers special methodical developments and their utility in specific fields. With its many valuable practical tips, this is a must-have overview for researchers in academic and industrial laboratories wishing to obtain reliable results with this method.

The problems involved in designing optimal infrared (IR) measuring systems under given conditions are commensurately complex. The optical set-up and radiation conditions, the interaction between sensor and irradiation and the sensor itself, determine the operation of the sensor system. Simple calculations for solving these problems without any understanding of the causal relationships are not possible. Thermal Infrared Sensors offers a concise explanation of the basic physical and photometric fundamentals needed for the consideration of these interactions. It depicts the basics of thermal IR sensor systems and explains the manifold causal relationships between the most important effects and influences, describing the relationships between sensor parameters such as thermal and special resolution, and application conditions. This book covers: various types of thermal sensors, like thermoelectric sensor, pyroelectric sensors, microbolometers, micro-Golay cells and bimorphous sensors; basic applications for thermal sensors; noise – a limiting factor for thermal resolution and detectivity – including an outline of the mathematics and noise sources in thermal infrared sensors; the properties of IR sensor systems in conjunction with the measurement environment and application conditions; 60 examples showing calculations of real problems with real numbers, as they occur in many practical applications. This is an essential reference for practicing design and optical engineers and users of infrared sensors and infrared cameras. With this book they will be able to transform the demonstrated solutions to their own problems, find ways to match their commercial IR sensors and cameras to their measurement conditions, and to tailor and optimise sensors and set-ups to particular IR measurement problems. The basic knowledge outlined in this book will give advanced undergraduate and graduate students a thorough grounding in this technology.

In Infrared Thermography , the authors discuss the sources of uncertainty, including how to quantify these sources, associated with the use of thermal imagers. This book explains the common misunderstandings in the interpretation of temperature measurements, and provides a metrological evaluation of commercially available infrared cameras. It suggests how to best estimate the accuracy of thermal imaging instruments, whilst considering the level of accuracy attributed to measurements from these thermal imagers. Key features: Begins with an introduction to uncertainties and radiance terms before moving onto the issues surrounding thermal imaging. Deals with the basic issues of thermal imager measurements such as the law of heat exchange by radiation and emissivity. Describes a typical processing algorithm of the measurement path for an example infrared camera. Discusses measurement error analysis of a thermal imaging system. Considers the results of simulation research of thermography uncertainty. Includes an accompanying website which hosts MATLAB® code. Infrared Thermography is primarily aimed at quantitative thermographers, and manufacturers, vendors and users of thermal imagers. This book is also of interest to senior undergraduate and postgraduate students across a range of disciplines such as electrical, mechanical and civil engineering, computer science, and biomedicine.

Provides an introduction to those needing to use infrared spectroscopy for the first time, explaining the fundamental aspects of this technique, how to obtain a spectrum and how to analyse infrared data covering a wide range of applications. Includes instrumental and sampling techniques Covers biological and industrial applications Includes suitable questions and problems in each chapter to assist in the analysis and interpretation of representative infrared spectra Part of the ANTS (Analytical Techniques in the Sciences) Series.

Over the last few years, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has rapidly developed into an important and extremely useful method of analysis. In fact, for certain research areas and applications, ranging from material science via chemistry to life sciences, it has become an indispensable tool because this fast and cost-effective type of spectroscopy provides qualitative and quantitative information not available from any other technique. This book offers a balanced overview of the fundamental theory and instrumentation of NIR spectroscopy, introducing the material in a readily comprehensible manner. A considerable part of the text is dedicated to practical applications, including sample preparation and investigations of polymers, textiles, drugs, food and animal feed. However, special topics, such as two-dimensional correlation analysis, are also covered in separate chapters. Written by eight experts in different fields, this book presents an introduction to the current state of developments and is valuable to spectroscopists and to practitioners applying NIR spectroscopy as a daily analytical tool.

A must-read for anyone working in electronics in the healthcare sector This one-of-a-kind book addresses state-of-the-art integrated circuit design in the context of medical imaging of the human body. It explores new opportunities in ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear medicine (PET, SPECT), emerging detector technologies, circuit design techniques, new materials, and innovative system approaches. Divided into four clear parts and with contributions from a panel of international experts, Medical Imaging systematically covers: X-ray imaging and computed tomography–X-ray and CT imaging principles; Active Matrix Flat Panel Imagers (AMFPI) for diagnostic medical imaging applications; photon counting and integrating readout circuits; noise coupling in digital X-ray imaging Nuclear medicine–SPECT and PET imaging principles; low-noise electronics for radiation sensors Ultrasound imaging–Electronics for diagnostic ultrasonic imaging Magnetic resonance imaging–Magnetic resonance imaging principles; MRI technology

The first complete reference dedicated to the full spectrum of women's imaging topics «Women’s imaging» refers to the use of imaging modalities (X-ray, ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI) available for aiding in the diagnosis and care of such female-centric diseases as cancer of the breast, uterus, and ovaries. Currently, there is no single reference source that provides adequate discussions of MRI and its important role in the diagnosis of patients with women's health issues. Thoroughly illustrated with the highest-quality radiographic images available, Women’s Imaging: MRI with Multimodality Correlation provides a concise overview of the topic and emphasizes practical image interpretation. It makes clear use of tables and diagrams, and offers careful examination of differential diagnosis with special notes on key learning points. Placing great emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while providing correlations to other important imaging modalities, the comprehensive book features the latest guidelines on imaging screening and includes in-depth chapter coverage of: Pelvis MRI: Introduction and Technique Imaging the Vagina and Urethra Pelvic Floor Imaging Imaging the Uterus Imaging the Adnexa Imaging Maternal Conditions in Pregnancy Fetal Imaging Breast MRI: Introduction and Technique ACR Breast MRI Lexicon and Interpretation Preoperative Breast Cancer Evaluation and Advanced Breast Cancer Imaging Postsurgical Breast and Implant Imaging MR-Guided Breast Interventions Providing up-to-date information on many of the health issues that affect women across the globe, Women's Imaging will appeal to all general radiologists – especially those specializing in body imaging, breast imaging, and women’s imaging – as well as gynaecologists and obstetricians, breast surgeons, oncologists, radiation oncologists, and MRI technologists.

This book is an excellent introduction to vibrational spectroscopy for scientists in academia and industry. Both infrared and Raman spectroscopy are covered comprehensively and up-to-date. Therefore the book may also be used as a handbook for easy reference. Written in the language of chemists, it explains the basic theory and instrumentation, the interpretation and evaluation of spectra. Furthermore numerous, worked-out examples of practical applications are presented. Therefore the reader is enabled to apply infrared and Raman spectroscopy for solving his own problem and to design suitable experimental procedures. This book also serves as a guide to the relevant literature