Radio Engineering. From Software Radio to Cognitive Radio

An exciting new technology, described by the one who invented it This is the first book dedicated to cognitive radio, a promising new technology that is poised to revolutionize the telecommunications industry with increased wireless flexibility. Cognitive radio technology integrates computational intelligence into software-defined radio for embedded intelligent agents that adapt to RF environments and user needs. Using this technology, users can more fully exploit the radio spectrum and services available from wireless connectivity. For example, an attempt to send a 10MB e-mail in a zone where carrier charges are high might cause a cognitive radio to alert its user and suggest waiting until getting to the office to use the LAN instead. Cognitive Radio Architecture examines an «ideal cognitive radio» that features autonomous machine learning, computer vision, and spoken or written language perception. The author of this exciting new book is the inventor of the technology and a leader in the field. Following his step-by-step introduction, readers can start building aware/adaptive radios and then make steps towards cognitive radio. After an introduction to adaptive, aware, and cognitive radio, the author develops three major themes in three sections: Foundations Radio Competence User Domain Competence The book makes the design principles of cognitive radio more accessible to students of teleinformatics, as well as to wireless communications systems developers. It therefore embraces the practice of cognitive radio as well as the theory. In particular, the publication develops a cognitive architecture that integrates disparate disciplines, including autonomous machine learning, computer vision, and language perception technologies. An accompanying CD-ROM contains the Java source code and compiled class files for applications developed in the book. In addition, for the convenience of the reader, Web resources introducing key concepts such as speech applications programmer interfaces (APIs) are included. Although still five to ten years away from full deployment, telecommunications giants and research labs around the world are already dedicating R&D to this new technology. Telecommunications engineers as well as advanced undergraduate and graduate students can learn the promising possibilities of this innovative technology from the one who invented it. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.

Giving a basic overview of the technologies supporting cognitive radio this introductory-level text follows a logical approach, starting with the physical layer and concluding with applications and general issues. It provides a background to advances in the field of cognitive radios and a new exploration of how these radios can work together as a network. Cognitive Radio Networks starts with an introduction to the fundamentals of wireless communications, introducing technologies such as OFDM & MIMO. It moves onto cover software defined radio and explores and contrasts wireless, cooperative and cognitive networks and communications. Spectrum sensing, medium access control and network layer design are examined before the book concludes by covering the topics of trusted cognitive radio networks and spectrum management. Unique in providing a brief but clear tutorial and reference to cognitive radio networks this book is a single reference, written at the appropriate level for newcomers as well as providing an encompassing text for those with more knowledge of the subject. One of the first books to provide a systematic description of cognitive radio networks Provides pervasive background knowledge including both wireless communications and wireless networks Written by leading experts in the field Full network stack investigation

A software radio is a radio whose channel modulation waveforms are defined in software. All wireless telephones are controlled by this software. Written by the leader in the field, this book covers the technology that will allow cellular telephones to greatly expand the types of data they can transmit.

Software defined radio (SDR) is a hot topic in the telecommunications field, with regard to wireless technology. It is one of the most important topics of research in the area of mobile and personal communications. SDR is viewed as the enabler of global roaming and a platform for the introduction of new technologies and services into existing live networks. It therefore gives networks a greater flexibility into mobile communications. It bridges the inter-disciplinary gap in the field as SDR covers two areas of development, namely software development and digital signal processing and the internet. It extends well beyond the simple re-configuration of air interface parameters to cover the whole system from the network to service creation and application development. Reconfigurability entails the pervasive use of software reconfiguration, empowering upgrades or patching of any element of the network and of the services and applications running on it. It cuts across the types of bearer radio systems (Paging to cellular, wireless local area network to microwave, terrestrial to satellite, personal communications to broadcasting) enable the integration of many of today's disparate systems in the same hardware platform. Also it cuts across generation (second to third to fourth). This volume complements the already published volumes 1 and 2 of the Wiley Series in Software Radio. The book discusses the requirements for reconfigurability and then introduces network architectures and functions for reconfigurable terminals. Finally it deals with reconfiguration in the network. The book also provides a comprehensive view on reconfigurability in three very active research projects as CAST, MOBIVAS and TRUST/SCOUT. Key features include: Presents new research in wireless communications Summarises the results of an extensive research program on software defined radios in Europe Provides a comprehensive view on reconfigurability in three very active research projects as CAST (Configurable radio with Advanced Sodftware Technology), MOBIVAS (Downloadable MOBIle Value Added Services through Software Radio and Switching Integrated Platforms), TRUST (Transparently Re-configurable Ubiquitous Terminal) and SCOUT (Smart User-Centric Communciation Environment).

The Software Communications Architecture (SCA) establishes an implementation-independent framework for the development of Joint Tactical Radio System software configurable radios. It specifies the Operating Environment, services and interfaces that applications use. Software Defined Radio: The Software Communications Architecture focuses on the issues and benefits associated with developing a radio system in compliance with the SCA specification. This book provides a comprehensive, practical introduction to building a SCA-compliant system taking the reader through the historical and conceptual background to help filling in the gaps between the intent of the SCA specification and the practice. Key features: Presents a practical approach to the Software Communications Architecture Provides an example-oriented understanding of the usage of the SCA and thus allows the reader to extend the concepts and practice to more complicated multi-processor distributed environments. Covers the Operating Environment: a Core framework, CORBA middleware, POSIX operating systems and Domain profiles. Features an accompanying website with appendices, and links to further information on the SCA. This invaluable reference will provide applications programmers, designers, professional researchers, wireless manufacturers and operators with an indispensable guide to the Software Communications Architecture. Advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students on mobile and wireless communications courses will also find this to be an excellent guide to the topic.

Software defined radio (SDR) is one of the most important topics of research, and indeed development, in the area of mobile and personal communications. SDR is viewed as an enabler of global roaming and as a unique platform for the rapid introduction of new services into existing live networks. It therefore promises mobile communication networks a major increase in flexibility and capability. SDR brings together two key technologies of the last decade – digital radio and downloadable software. It encompasses not only reconfiguration of the air interface parameters of handset and basestation products but also the whole mobile network, to facilitate the dynamic introduction of new functionality and mass-customised applications to the user's terminal, post-purchase. This edited book, contributed by internationally respected researchers and industry practitioners, describes the current technological status of radio frequency design, data conversion, reconfigurable signal processing hardware, and software issues at all levels of the protocol stack and network. The book provides a holistic treatment of SDR addressing the full breadth of relevant technologies – radio frequency design, signal processing and software – at all levels. As such it provides a solid grounding for a new generation of wireless engineers for whom radio design in future will assume dynamic flexibility as a given. In particular it explores * The unique demands of SDR upon the RF subsystem and their implications for front end design methodologies * The recent concepts of the 'digital front end' and 'parametrization' * The role and key influence of data conversion technologies and devices within software radio, essential to robust product design * The evolution of signal processing technologies, describing new architectural approaches * Requirements and options for software download * Advances in 'soft' protocols and 'on-the-fly' software reconfiguration * Management of terminal reconfiguration and its network implications * The concepts of the waveform description language The book also includes coverage of * Potential breakthrough technologies, such as superconducting RSFQ technology and the possible future role of MEMS in RF circuitry * Competing approaches, eg all-software radios implemented on commodity computing vs advanced processing architectures that dynamically optimise their configuration to match the algorithm requirements at a point in time The book opens with an introductory chapter by Stephen Blust, Chair of the ITU-R WP8F Committee and Chair of the SDR Forum presenting a framework for SDR, in terms of definitions, evolutionary perspectives, introductory timescales and regulation. Suitable for today's engineers, technical staff and researchers within the wireless industry, the book will also appeal to marketing and commercial managers who need to understand the basics and potential of the technology for future product development. Its balance of industrial and academic contributors also makes it suitable as a text for graduate and post-graduate courses aiming to prepare the next generation of wireless engineers.

A comprehensive treatment of cognitive radio networks and the specialized techniques used to improve wireless communications The human brain, as exemplified by cognitive radar, cognitive radio, and cognitive computing, inspires the field of Cognitive Dynamic Systems. In particular, cognitive radio is growing at an exponential rate. Fundamentals of Cognitive Radio details different aspects of the human brain and provides examples of how it can be mimicked by cognitive dynamic systems. The text offers a communication-theoretic background, including information on resource allocation in wireless networks and the concept of robustness. The authors provide a thorough mathematical background with data on game theory, variational inequalities, and projected dynamic systems. They then delve more deeply into resource allocation in cognitive radio networks. The text investigates the dynamics of cognitive radio networks from the perspectives of information theory, optimization, and control theory. It also provides a vision for the new world of wireless communications by integration of cellular and cognitive radio networks. This groundbreaking book: Shows how wireless communication systems increasingly use cognition to enhance their networks Explores how cognitive radio networks can be viewed as spectrum supply chain networks Derives analytic models for two complementary regimes for spectrum sharing (open-access and market-driven) to study both equilibrium and disequilibrium behaviors of networks Studies cognitive heterogeneous networks with emphasis on economic provisioning for resource sharing Introduces a framework that addresses the issue of spectrum sharing across licensed and unlicensed bands aimed for Pareto optimality Written for students of cognition, communication engineers, telecommunications professionals, and others, Fundamentals of Cognitive Radio offers a new generation of ideas and provides a fresh way of thinking about cognitive techniques in order to improve radio networks.

The impending advent of GSM in the early 1990s triggered massive investment that revolutionised the capability of DSP technology. A decade later, the vastly increased processing requirements and potential market of 3G has triggered a similar revolution, with a host of start-up companies claiming revolutionary technologies hoping to challenge and displace incumbent suppliers. This book, with contributions from today's major players and leading start-ups, comprehensively describes both the new approaches and the responses of the incumbents, with detailed descriptions of the design philosophy, architecture, technology maturity and software support. Analysis of SDR baseband processing requirements of cellular handsets and basestations 3G handset baseband – ASIC, DSP, parallel processing, ACM and customised programmable architectures 3G basestation baseband – DSP (including co-processors), FPGA-based approaches, reconfigurable and parallel architectures Architecture optimisation to match 3G air interface and application algorithms Evolution of existing DSP, ASIC & FPGA solutions Assessment of the architectural approaches and the implications of the trends. An essential resource for the 3G product designer, who needs to understand immediate design options within a wider context of future product roadmaps, the book will also benefit researchers and commercial managers who need to understand this rapid evolution of baseband signal processing and its industry impact.

The author presents a unified treatment of this highly interdisciplinary topic to help define the notion of cognitive radio. The book begins with addressing issues such as the fundamental system concept and basic mathematical tools such as spectrum sensing and machine learning, before moving on to more advanced concepts and discussions about the future of cognitive radio. From the fundamentals in spectrum sensing to the applications of cognitive algorithms to radio communications, and discussion of radio platforms and testbeds to show the applicability of the theory to practice, the author aims to provide an introduction to a fast moving topic for students and researchers seeking to develop a thorough understanding of cognitive radio networks. Examines basic mathematical tools before moving on to more advanced concepts and discussions about the future of cognitive radio Describe the fundamentals of cognitive radio, providing a step by step treatment of the topics to enable progressive learning Includes questions, exercises and suggestions for extra reading at the end of each chapter Topics covered in the book include: Spectrum Sensing: Basic Techniques; Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Wideband Spectrum Sensing; Agile Transmission Techniques: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Multiple Input Multiple Output for Cognitive Radio; Convex Optimization for Cognitive Radio; Cognitive Core (I): Algorithms for Reasoning and Learning; Cognitive Core (II): Game Theory; Cognitive Radio Network IEEE 802.22: The First Cognitive Radio Wireless Regional Area Network Standard, and Radio Platforms and Testbeds.

Cognitive Radio for Dynamic Spectrum Access gives a comprehensive overview of the main concepts behind radio spectrum regulation, dynamic spectrum access and cognitive radio. Spectrum measurements are introduced to illustrate the inefficiencies in today’s spectrum usage and the book also discusses enablers for horizontal and vertical spectrum sharing. Among others a game-theory-based approach for spectrum sharing is described and evaluated. Institution and standardisation approaches in academic research and industry are highlighted including IEEE SCC41, 802.11k/n/s/y and 802.22 which lead towards commercial exploitation of cognitive radio. In conclusion, this book looks at the initial steps towards the vision of true cognitive radio and the potential impact on telecommunication business. Introduces the benefits and challenges of cognitive radio Presents cognitive radio in research and industry and covers implications for operators from the perspective of a telecom operator Examines how cognitive radio techniques will considerably change the wireless communication market.