Structural Materials and Processes in Transportation

Plastics Materials and Processes: A Concise Encyclopedia is a resource for anyone with an interest in plastic materials and processes, from seasoned professionals to laypeople. Arranged in alphabetical order, it clearly explains all of the materials and processes as well as their major application areas and usages. Plastics Materials and Processes: A Concise Encyclopedia: Discusses and describes applications and practical uses of the materials and processes. Clear definitions and sufficient depth to satisfy the information seekers needs

Addresses materials, technology, and products that could help solve the global environmental crisis once commercialized This multidisciplinary book encompasses state-of-the-art research on the topics of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), and complements existing CCS technique publications with the newest research and reviews. It discusses key challenges involved in the CCS materials design, processing, and modeling and provides in-depth coverage of solvent-based carbon capture, sorbent-based carbon capture, membrane-based carbon capture, novel carbon capture methods, computational modeling, carbon capture materials including metal organic frameworks (MOF), electrochemical capture and conversion, membranes and solvents, and geological sequestration. Materials and Processes for CO2 Capture, Conversion and Sequestration offers chapters on: Carbon Capture in Metal-Organic Frameworks; Metal Organic Frameworks Materials for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture; New Progress of Microporous Metal-Organic Frameworks in CO2 Capture and Separation; In Situ Diffraction Studies of Selected Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) Materials for Guest Capture Applications; Electrochemical CO2 Capture and Conversion; Electrochemical Valorization of Carbon Dioxide in Molten Salts; Microstructural and Structural Characterization of Materials for CO2 Storage using Multi-Scale X-Ray Scattering Methods; Contribution of Density Functional Theory to Microporous Materials for Carbon Capture; and Computational Modeling Study of MnO2 Octahedral Molecular Sieves for Carbon Dioxide Capture Applications. Addresses one of the most pressing concerns of society—that of environmental damage caused by the greenhouse gases emitted as we use fossil fuels Covers cutting-edge capture technology with a focus on materials and technology rather than regulation and cost Highlights the common and novel CCS materials that are of greatest interest to industrial researchers Provides insight into CCS materials design, processing characterization, and computer modeling Materials and Processes for CO2 Capture, Conversion and Sequestration is ideal for materials scientists and engineers, energy scientists and engineers, inorganic chemists, environmental scientists, pollution control scientists, and carbon chemists.

The first complete introduction to health monitoring, encapsulating both technical information and practical case studies spanning the breadth of the subject. Written by a highly-respected figure in structural health monitoring, this book provides readers with the technical skills and practical understanding required to solve new problems encountered in the emerging field of health monitoring. The book presents a suite of methods and applications in loads identification (usage monitoring), in-situ damage identification (diagnostics), and damage and performance prediction (prognostics). Concepts in modelling, measurements, and data analysis are applied through real-world case studies to identify loading, assess damage, and predict the performance of structural components, as well as examine engine components, automotive accessories, aircraft parts, spacecraft components, civil structures and defence system components. In particular the book: provides the reader with a fundamental and practical understanding of the material; discusses models demonstrating the physical basis for health monitoring techniques; gives a detailed review of the best practices in dynamic measurements including sensing; presents numerous data analysis techniques using model- and signal-based methods; discusses case studies involving real-world applications of health monitoring; offers end-of-chapter problems to enhance the study of the topic for students and instructors; and includes an accompanying website with MATLAB programs providing hands-on training to readers for writing health monitoring model simulation and data analysis algorithms. Health Monitoring of Structural Materials and Components is an excellent introductory text for newcomers to the subject as well as an excellent study tool for students and lecturers. Practitioners and researchers, those with a greater understanding and application of the technical skills involved, will also find this essential reading as a reference text to address current and future challenges in this field. The wide variety of case studies will appeal to a broad spectrum of engineers in the aerospace, civil, mechanical, machinery and defence communities.

This book is a collection of papers from The American Ceramic Society's 35th International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, held in Daytona Beach, Florida, January 23-28, 2011. This issue includes papers presented in the 5th International Symposium on Advanced Processing and Manufacturing Technologies for Structural and Multifunctional Materials and Systems on topics such as Design-Oriented Manufacturing and Novel Forming and Sintering. Papers from a special session held in honor of Katsutoshi Komeya of Yokohama National University, Japan are also included.

The production of low cost and environmentally friendly high performing carbon materials is crucial for a sustainable future. Sustainable Carbon Materials from Hydrothermal Processes describes a sustainable and alternative technique to produce carbon from biomass in water at low temperatures, a process known as Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC). Sustainable Carbon Materials from Hydrothermal Processes presents an overview of this new and rapidly developing field, discussing various synthetic approaches, characterization of the final products, and modern fields of application for of sustainable carbon materials. Topics covered include: • Green carbon materials • Porous hydrothermal carbons • HTC for the production of valuable carbon hybrid materials • Functionalization of hydrothermal carbon materials • Characterization of HTC materials • Applications of HTC in modern nanotechnology: Energy storage, electrocatalysis in fuel cells, photocatalysis, gas storage, water purification, sensors, bioapplications • Environmental applications of HTC technology: Biochar production, carbon sequestration, and waste conversion • Scale-up in HTC Sustainable Carbon Materials from Hydrothermal Processes will serve as a comprehensive guide for students and newcomers in the field, as well as providing a valuable source of information for researchers and investors looking for alternative technologies to convert biomass into useful products.

This reference on cluster physics in materials science draws upon the author's unrivalled experience in plasma science. He covers in detail electromagnetic effects, cluster motion and growth, as well as aerosols, providing the knowledge instrumental for an understanding of nanostructure formation. Around 400 case studies enable readers to directly relate the methods to their own individual tasks or projects.

The definitive guide to mass spectrometry techniques in biology and biophysics The use of mass spectrometry (MS) to study the architecture and dynamics of proteins is increasingly common within the biophysical community, and Mass Spectrometry in Structural Biology and Biophysics: Architecture, Dynamics, and Interaction of Biomolecules, Second Edition provides readers with detailed, systematic coverage of the current state of the art. Offering an unrivalled overview of modern MS-based armamentarium that can be used to solve the most challenging problems in biophysics, structural biology, and biopharmaceuticals, the book is a practical guide to understanding the role of MS techniques in biophysical research. Designed to meet the needs of both academic and industrial researchers, it makes mass spectrometry accessible to professionals in a range of fields, including biopharmaceuticals. This new edition has been significantly expanded and updated to include the most recent experimental methodologies and techniques, MS applications in biophysics and structural biology, methods for studying higher order structure and dynamics of proteins, an examination of other biopolymers and synthetic polymers, such as nucleic acids and oligosaccharides, and much more. Featuring high-quality illustrations that illuminate the concepts described in the text, as well as extensive references that enable the reader to pursue further study, Mass Spectrometry in Structural Biology and Biophysics is an indispensable resource for researchers and graduate students working in biophysics, structural biology, protein chemistry, and related fields.

The 6th International Symposium on Advanced Processing and Manufacturing Technologies for Structural and Multifunctional Materials and Systems was held in January 2012 during the 36th International Conference and Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites. This symposium examined progress resulting from the research and development of advanced processing and manufacturing technologies for a wide variety of non-oxide and oxide-based structural ceramics, particulate and fiber-reinforced composites, and multifunctional materials. This issue features seventeen of those papers, representing some of the most important developments in processing and manufacturing technologies.

The fabrication of MEMS has been predominately achieved by etching the polysilicon material. However, new materials are in large demands that could overcome the hurdles in fabrication or manufacturing process. Although, an enormous amount of work being accomplished in the area, most of the information is treated as confidential or privileged. It is extremely hard to find the meaningful information for the new or related developments. This book is collection of chapters written by experts in MEMS and NEMS technology. Chapters are contributed on the development of new MEMS and NEMS materials as well as on the properties of these devices. Important properties such as residual stresses and buckling behavior in the devices are discussed as separate chapters. Various models have been included in the chapters that studies the mode and mechanism of failure of the MEMS and NEMS. This book is meant for the graduate students, research scholars and engineers who are involved in the research and developments of advanced MEMS and NEMS for a wide variety of applications. Critical information has been included for the readers that will help them in gaining precise control over dimensional stability, quality, reliability, productivity and maintenance in MEMS and NEMS. No such book is available in the market that addresses the developments and failures in these advanced devices.

This title is designed to provide a clear and comprehensive overview of tribology. The book introduces the notion of a surface in tribology where a solid surface is described from topographical, structural, mechanical, and energetic perspectives. It also describes the principal techniques used to characterize and analyze surfaces. The title then discusses what may be called the fundamentals of tribology by introducing and describing the concepts of adhesion, friction, wear, and lubrication. The book focuses on the materials used in tribology, introducing the major classes of materials used, either in their bulk states or as coatings, including both protective layers and other coatings used for decorative purposes. Of especial importance to the tribology community are sections that provide the latest information on Nanotribology, Wear, Lubrication, and Wear-Corrosion: Tribocorrosion and Erosion-Corrosion.