Cultural Algorithms

Presents algorithmic techniques for solving problems in bioinformatics, including applications that shed new light on molecular biology This book introduces algorithmic techniques in bioinformatics, emphasizing their application to solving novel problems in post-genomic molecular biology. Beginning with a thought-provoking discussion on the role of algorithms in twenty-first-century bioinformatics education, Bioinformatics Algorithms covers: General algorithmic techniques, including dynamic programming, graph-theoretical methods, hidden Markov models, the fast Fourier transform, seeding, and approximation algorithms Algorithms and tools for genome and sequence analysis, including formal and approximate models for gene clusters, advanced algorithms for non-overlapping local alignments and genome tilings, multiplex PCR primer set selection, and sequence/network motif finding Microarray design and analysis, including algorithms for microarray physical design, missing value imputation, and meta-analysis of gene expression data Algorithmic issues arising in the analysis of genetic variation across human population, including computational inference of haplotypes from genotype data and disease association search in case/control epidemiologic studies Algorithmic approaches in structural and systems biology, including topological and structural classification in biochemistry, and prediction of protein-protein and domain-domain interactions Each chapter begins with a self-contained introduction to a computational problem; continues with a brief review of the existing literature on the subject and an in-depth description of recent algorithmic and methodological developments; and concludes with a brief experimental study and a discussion of open research challenges. This clear and approachable presentation makes the book appropriate for researchers, practitioners, and graduate students alike.

Evolutionary algorithms are bio-inspired algorithms based on Darwin’s theory of evolution. They are expected to provide non-optimal but good quality solutions to problems whose resolution is impracticable by exact methods. In six chapters, this book presents the essential knowledge required to efficiently implement evolutionary algorithms. Chapter 1 describes a generic evolutionary algorithm as well as the basic operators that compose it. Chapter 2 is devoted to the solving of continuous optimization problems, without constraint. Three leading approaches are described and compared on a set of test functions. Chapter 3 considers continuous optimization problems with constraints. Various approaches suitable for evolutionary methods are presented. Chapter 4 is related to combinatorial optimization. It provides a catalog of variation operators to deal with order-based problems. Chapter 5 introduces the basic notions required to understand the issue of multi-objective optimization and a variety of approaches for its application. Finally, Chapter 6 describes different approaches of genetic programming able to evolve computer programs in the context of machine learning.

Data Mining Algorithms is a practical, technically-oriented guide to data mining algorithms that covers the most important algorithms for building classification, regression, and clustering models, as well as techniques used for attribute selection and transformation, model quality evaluation, and creating model ensembles. The author presents many of the important topics and methodologies widely used in data mining, whilst demonstrating the internal operation and usage of data mining algorithms using examples in R.

A clear and lucid bottom-up approach to the basic principles of evolutionary algorithms Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are a type of artificial intelligence. EAs are motivated by optimization processes that we observe in nature, such as natural selection, species migration, bird swarms, human culture, and ant colonies. This book discusses the theory, history, mathematics, and programming of evolutionary optimization algorithms. Featured algorithms include genetic algorithms, genetic programming, ant colony optimization, particle swarm optimization, differential evolution, biogeography-based optimization, and many others. Evolutionary Optimization Algorithms: Provides a straightforward, bottom-up approach that assists the reader in obtaining a clear—but theoretically rigorous—understanding of evolutionary algorithms, with an emphasis on implementation Gives a careful treatment of recently developed EAs—including opposition-based learning, artificial fish swarms, bacterial foraging, and many others— and discusses their similarities and differences from more well-established EAs Includes chapter-end problems plus a solutions manual available online for instructors Offers simple examples that provide the reader with an intuitive understanding of the theory Features source code for the examples available on the author's website Provides advanced mathematical techniques for analyzing EAs, including Markov modeling and dynamic system modeling Evolutionary Optimization Algorithms: Biologically Inspired and Population-Based Approaches to Computer Intelligence is an ideal text for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and professionals involved in engineering and computer science.

* This book deals with the fundamentals of genetic algorithms and their applications in a variety of different areas of engineering and science * Most significant update to the second edition is the MATLAB codes that accompany the text * Provides a thorough discussion of hybrid genetic algorithms * Features more examples than first edition

ALGORITHMS IN BIOINFORMATICS Explore a comprehensive and insightful treatment of the practical application of bioinformatic algorithms in a variety of fields Algorithms in Bioinformatics: Theory and Implementation delivers a fulsome treatment of some of the main algorithms used to explain biological functions and relationships. It introduces readers to the art of algorithms in a practical manner which is linked with biological theory and interpretation. The book covers many key areas of bioinformatics, including global and local sequence alignment, forced alignment , detection of motifs, Sequence logos, Markov chains or information entropy. Other novel approaches are also described, such as Self-Sequence alignment, Objective Digital Stains (ODSs) or Spectral Forecast and the Discrete Probability Detector (DPD) algorithm. The text incorporates graphical illustrations to highlight and emphasize the technical details of computational algorithms found within, to further the reader’s understanding and retention of the material. Throughout, the book is written in an accessible and practical manner, showing how algorithms can be implemented and used in JavaScript on Internet Browsers. The author has included more than 120 open-source implementations of the material, as well as 33 ready-to-use presentations. The book contains original material that has been class-tested by the author and numerous cases are examined in a biological and medical context. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to biological evolution, including the emergence of life, classifications and some known theories and molecular mechanismsA detailed presentation of new methods, such as Self-sequence alignment, Objective Digital Stains and Spectral Forecast A treatment of sequence alignment, including local sequence alignment, global sequence alignment and forced sequence alignment with full implementationsDiscussions of position-specific weight matrices, including the count, weight, relative frequencies, and log-likelihoods matricesA detailed presentation of the methods related to Markov Chains as well as a description of their implementation in Bioinformatics and adjacent fieldsAn examination of information and entropy, including sequence logos and explanations related to their meaningAn exploration of the current state of bioinformatics, including what is known and what issues are usually avoided in the fieldA chapter on philosophical transactions that allows the reader a broader view of the prediction processNative computer implementations in the context of the field of BioinformaticsExtensive worked examples with detailed case studies that point out the meaning of different results Perfect for professionals and researchers in biology, medicine, engineering, and information technology, as well as upper level undergraduate students in these fields, Algorithms in Bioinformatics: Theory and Implementation will also earn a place in the libraries of software engineers who wish to understand how to implement bioinformatic algorithms in their products.

Clinical management algorithms for common and unusual obstetric problems have been developed to help guide practitioners to the best treatment options for patients. In this quick-reference guide, clear diagrams and concise notes show treatment options and evidence for over 80 high-risk obstetric complications, presented in two-page full color spreads to promote quick decision making in time-pressed situations. This new edition includes sections on obesity, late-preterm and early term delivery, and pregnancy termination. As a clinical manual, the book provides guidance to many common and less common obstetric situations in which either the mother or her fetus is at risk. An algorithm for each situation provides obstetric care providers with a step-by-step guide of necessary actions for any given clinical case. Written by internationally renowned experts, Clinical Obstetric Algorithms enables all obstetrics care providers to ensure delivery of a healthy mother and a healthy baby.

Cultural Bodies: Ethnography and Theory is a unique collection that integrates two increasingly key areas of social and cultural research: the body and ethnography. Breaks new ground in an area of study that continues to be a central theme of debate and research across the humanities and social sciences Draws on ethnography as a useful means of exploring our everyday social and cultural environments Constitutes an important step in developing two key areas of study, the body and ethnography, and the relationship between them Brings together an international and multi-disciplinary team of scholars

The evidence relating to the advances in obstetric practice and research over the past several decades have resulted in significant improvements in maternal and perinatal outcome. The obstetric care provider has the responsibility to be aware of these improvements and implement evidence-based practice when the situation requires. Clinical decisions should, as much as possible, be evidence based. This requires expertise in retrieving, interpreting, and applying the results of scientific studies and in communicating effectively the risks and benefits of different courses of action to patients. The highly-regarded authors have used easy-to-follow management algorithms presented in a highly visual format to assist rapid decision making; with sections covering: Preventative Health Maternal Disorders Infectious Complications Antenatal Complications Intrapartum / Postpartum Complications Featuring best obstetric management guidance, based on graded published evidence and recommendations, this book will enable practicing and trainee obstetrician-gynecologists and nurse midwives to ensure that the primary goals of the delivery of a healthy mother and a healthy baby are met.

Cultural Globalization: A User’s Guide is a personal and engaging journey through theories of culture and globalization. Drawing on extensive examples and interdisciplinary research, Wise explores concepts of culture, territory and identity in order to give students a new perspective on issues of globalization. Includes numerous examples from Asian, European, and North American youth culture and popular music Draws on interdisciplinary research from the fields of anthropology, cultural studies, cultural geography, and media studies Considers how global processes carry with them the ethical questions of how to act in the world and how to care for others Provides an original and stimulating overview of theories of culture and globalization, encouraging students think more broadly about the key issues