Scanning Probe Microscopy of Soft Matter. Fundamentals and Practices

Describes new state-of-the-science tools and their contribution to industrial R&D With contributions from leading international experts in the field, this book explains how scanning probe microscopy is used in industry, resulting in improved product formulation, enhanced processes, better quality control and assurance, and new business opportunities. Readers will learn about the use of scanning probe microscopy to support R&D efforts in the semiconductor, chemical, personal care product, biomaterial, pharmaceutical, and food science industries, among others. Scanning Probe Microscopy for Industrial Applications emphasizes nanomechanical characterization using scanning probe microscopy. The first half of the book is dedicated to a general overview of nanomechanical characterization methods, offering a complete practical tutorial for readers who are new to the topic. Several chapters include worked examples of useful calculations such as using Hertz mechanics with and without adhesion to model a contact, step-by-step instructions for simulations to guide cantilever selection for an experiment, and data analysis procedures for dynamic contact experiments. The second half of the book describes applications of nanomechanical characterization in industry, including: New formulation development for pharmaceuticals Measurement of critical dimensions and thin dielectric films in the semiconductor industry Effect of humidity and temperature on biomaterials Characterization of polymer blends to guide product formulation in the chemicals sector Unraveling links between food structure and function in the food industry Contributions are based on the authors' thorough review of the current literature as well as their own firsthand experience applying scanning probe microscopy to solve industrial R&D problems. By explaining the fundamentals before advancing to applications, Scanning Probe Microscopy for Industrial Applications offers a complete treatise that is accessible to both novices and professionals. All readers will discover how to apply scanning probe microscopy to build and enhance their R&D efforts.

This new and completely updated edition features not only an accompanying CD-ROM, but also a new applications section, reflecting the many breakthroughs in the field over the last few years. It provides a complete set of computational models that describe the physical phenomena associated with scanning tunneling microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and related technologies. The result is both a solid professional reference and an advanced-level text, beginning with the basics and moving on to the latest techniques, experiments, and theory. In the section devoted to atomic force microscopy, the author describes the mechanical properties of cantilevers, atomic force microscope tip-sample interactions, and cantilever vibration characteristics. This is followed by an in-depth treatment of theoretical and practical aspects of tunneling phenomena, including metal-insulator-metal tunneling and Fowler-Nordheim field emission. The final section features applications, dealing with, among others, Kelvin and Raman probe microscopy. The self-contained presentation spares researchers valuable time spent hunting through the technical literature for the theoretical results required to understand the models presented. The Mathematica code for all the examples is included in the CD-ROM, affording the freedom to change the values and parameters of specific problems as desired, or even modify the programs themselves to suit various modeling needs.

Over the last decade, advances in science and technology have profoundly changed the face of light microscopy. Research scientists need to learn new skills in order to use a modern research microscope–skills such as how to align microscope optics and perform image processing. Fundamentals of Light Microscopy and Electronic Imaging explores the basics of microscope design and use. The comprehensive material discusses the optical principles involved in diffraction and image formation in the light microscope, the basic modes of light microscopy, the components of modern electronic imaging systems, and the image processing operations necessary to acquire and prepare an image. Written in a practical, accessible style, Fundamentals of Light Microscopy and Electronic Imaging reviews such topics as: Illuminators, filters, and isolation of specific wavelengths Phase contrast and differential interference contrast Properties of polarized light and polarization microscopy Fluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy Digital CCD microscopy and image processing Each chapter includes practical demonstrations and exercises along with a discussion of the relevant material. In addition, a thorough glossary assists with complex terminology and an appendix contains lists of materials, procedures for specimen preparation, and answers to questions. An essential resource for both, experienced and novice microscopists.

Fundamentals of Light Microscopy and Electronic Imaging, Second Edition provides a coherent introduction to the principles and applications of the integrated optical microscope system, covering both theoretical and practical considerations. It expands and updates discussions of multi-spectral imaging, intensified digital cameras, signal colocalization, and uses of objectives, and offers guidance in the selection of microscopes and electronic cameras, as well as appropriate auxiliary optical systems and fluorescent tags. The book is divided into three sections covering optical principles in diffraction and image formation, basic modes of light microscopy, and components of modern electronic imaging systems and image processing operations. Each chapter introduces relevant theory, followed by descriptions of instrument alignment and image interpretation. This revision includes new chapters on live cell imaging, measurement of protein dynamics, deconvolution microscopy, and interference microscopy. PowerPoint slides of the figures as well as other supplementary materials for instructors are available at a companion website: www.wiley.com/go/murphy/lightmicroscopy

Essential principles and practice of assay development The first comprehensive, integrated treatment of the subject, Assay Development: Fundamentals and Practices covers the essentials and techniques involved in carrying out an assay project in either a biotechnology/drug discovery setting or a platform setting. Rather than attempting comprehensive coverage of all assay development technologies, the book introduces the most widely used assay development technologies and illustrates the art of assay development through a few commonly encountered biological targets in assay development (e.g., proteases, kinases, ion channels, and G protein-coupled receptors). Just enough biological background for these biological targets is provided so that the reader can follow the logics of assay development. Chapters discuss: The basics of assay development, including foundational concepts and applications Commonly used instrumental methods for both biochemical assays and cell-based assays Assay strategies for protein binding and enzymatic activity Cell-based assays High-throughput screening An in-depth study of the now popular Caliper's off-chip kinase assay provides an instructive, real-world example of the assay development process.

Essential principles and practice of assay development The first comprehensive, integrated treatment of the subject, Assay Development: Fundamentals and Practices covers the essentials and techniques involved in carrying out an assay project in either a biotechnology/drug discovery setting or a platform setting. Rather than attempting comprehensive coverage of all assay development technologies, the book introduces the most widely used assay development technologies and illustrates the art of assay development through a few commonly encountered biological targets in assay development (e.g., proteases, kinases, ion channels, and G protein-coupled receptors). Just enough biological background for these biological targets is provided so that the reader can follow the logics of assay development. Chapters discuss: The basics of assay development, including foundational concepts and applications Commonly used instrumental methods for both biochemical assays and cell-based assays Assay strategies for protein binding and enzymatic activity Cell-based assays High-throughput screening An in-depth study of the now popular Caliper's off-chip kinase assay provides an instructive, real-world example of the assay development process.

This first book to focus on the use of SPMs to actively manipulate molecules and nanostructures on surfaces goes way beyond conventional treatments of scanning microscopy merely for imaging purposes. It reviews recent progress in the use of SPMs on such soft materials as polymers, with a particular emphasis on chemical discrimination, mechanical properties, tip-induced reactions and manipulations, as well as their nanoscale electrical properties. Detailing the practical application potential of this hot topic, this book is of great interest to specialists of wide-ranging disciplines, including physicists, chemists, materials scientists, spectroscopy experts, surface scientists, and engineers.

Here, top international authors in the field of STM and surface science present first-class contributions on this hot topic, bringing the reader up to date with the latest developments in this rapidly advancing field. The focus is on the nanoscale, particularly in relation to catalysis, involving developments in our understanding of the nature of the surfaces of oxides and nanoparticulate materials, as well as adsorption, and includes in-situ studies of catalysis on such model materials. Of high interest to practitioners of surface science, nanoscience, STM and catalysis.

A comprehensive yet accessible exploration of quantum chemical methods for the determination of molecular properties of spectroscopic relevance Molecular properties can be probed both through experiment and simulation. This book bridges these two worlds, connecting the experimentalist's macroscopic view of responses of the electromagnetic field to the theoretician’s microscopic description of the molecular responses. Comprehensive in scope, it also offers conceptual illustrations of molecular response theory by means of time-dependent simulations of simple systems. This important resource in physical chemistry offers: A journey in electrodynamics from the molecular microscopic perspective to the conventional macroscopic viewpoint The construction of Hamiltonians that are appropriate for the quantum mechanical description of molecular properties Time- and frequency-domain perspectives of light–matter interactions and molecular responses of both electrons and nuclei An introduction to approximate state response theory that serves as an everyday tool for computational chemists A unified presentation of prominent molecular properties Principles and Practices of Molecular Properties: Theory, Modeling and Simulations is written by noted experts in the field. It is a guide for graduate students, postdoctoral researchers and professionals in academia and industry alike, providing a set of keys to the research literature.

Fundamentals of Canine Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology introduces the fundamentals of veterinary neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, demonstrating structure and function as it relates to clinical applications with a highly visual approach. Offers a straightforward yet comprehensive introduction to structure and function of the nervous system Demonstrates the relevance of the basic principles to the clinical setting Illustrates concepts using line drawings, photographs, micrographs, and MRIs Includes access to a companion website with review questions and answers and the figures from the book at www.wiley.com/go/uemura/neuroanatomy