Supramolecular Control of Structure and Reactivity

Covers the most advanced computational and experimental methods for studying carbon-centered radical intermediates With its focus on the chemistry of carbon-centered radicals and radical cations, this book helps readers fully exploit the synthetic utility of these intermediates in order to prepare fine chemicals and pharmaceutical products. Moreover, it helps readers better understand their role in complex atmospheric reactions and biological systems. Thoroughly up to date, the book highlights the most advanced computational and experimental methods available for studying and using these critically important intermediates. Carbon-Centered Free Radicals and Radical Cations begins with a short history of the field of free radical chemistry, and then covers: A discussion of the relevant theory Mechanistic chemistry, with an emphasis on synthetic utility Molecular structure and mechanism, focusing on computational methods Spectroscopic investigations of radical structure and kinetics, including demonstrations of spin chemistry techniques such as CIDNP and magnetic field effects Free radical chemistry in macromolecules Each chapter, written by one or more leading experts, explains difficult concepts clearly and concisely, with references to facilitate further investigation of individual topics. The authors were selected in order to provide insight into a broad range of topics, including small molecule synthesis, polymer degradation, computational chemistry as well as highly detailed experimental work in the solid, liquid, and gaseous states. This volume is essential for students or researchers interested in building their understanding of the role of carbon-centered radical intermediates in complex systems and how they may be used to develop a broad range of useful products.

Collating our current knowledge and the latest developments for enabling breakthrough discoveries, this book focuses on the synthesis and applications of materials that are based on supramolecular assemblies of carbon nanostructures, with an emphasis on fullerenes and nanotubes. In so doing, it provides readers with an overview of the different types of supramolecular architectures, accentuating the outstanding geometrical, electronic and photophysical properties of the building blocks and the resulting structures. It makes use of basic concepts and real-life applications – from simple syntheses to complex architectures, from instructive examples to working experimental procedures, and from photophysics to solar cells. A large part of each chapter is devoted to the methods and possibilities of controlling and tuning these molecular assemblies in order to obtain working devices. Fascinating reading for materials scientists, organic chemists, molecular physicists, and those in the semiconductor industry.

Explore modern characterization methods and new applications in this modern overview of supramolecular polymer chemistry    Supramolecular Polymers and Assemblies: From Synthesis to Properties and Applications  delivers a superlative summary and description of general concepts and definitions in the field. The book offers informative and accessible treatments of crucial concepts like metal-containing compounds, hydrogen bonding, ionic interactions, pi-pi stacking, and more.  Characterization remains a primary focus of the book throughout, making it extremely useful for practitioners in the field. Emphasis is also placed on metallo-supramolecular polymers and materials which have found applications in areas like smart or intelligent materials and systems with special photochemical and photophysical properties, like LEDs and solar cells. Applications, including self-healing materials, opto-electronics, sensing, and catalysis are all discussed as well.  The book details many of the exciting developments in the field of supramolecular chemistry that have occurred since the 1987 Nobel Prize was awarded to pioneers in this rapidly developing field. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of:  A thorough introduction to supramolecular assemblies based on ionic interactions Explorations of supramolecular polymers based on hydrogen-bonding interactions, metal-to-ligand interactions, p-Electronic interactions, crown-ether recognition, cucurbiturils, and host-guest chemistry of calixarenes A discussion of cyclodextrins in the field of supramolecular polymers Examinations of supramolecular polymers based on the host-guest chemistry of pillarenes, and those formed by orthogonal non-covalent interactions A treatment of the characterization of supramolecular polymers  Supramolecular Polymers and Assemblies: From Synthesis to Properties and Applications will earn a place in the libraries of researchers and practitioners of the material science, as well as polymer chemists seeding a one-stop reference for supramolecular polymers.

This book commemorates the 25th anniversary of the International Izatt-Christensen Award in Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry. The award, one of the most prestigious of small awards in chemistry, recognizes excellence in the developing field of macrocyclic and supramolecular chemistry Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry: How Izatt-Christensen Award Winners Shaped the Field features chapters written by the award recipients who provide unique perspectives on the spectacular growth in these expanding and vibrant fields of chemistry over the past half century, and on the role of these awardees in shaping this growth. During this time there has been an upsurge of interest in the design, synthesis and characterization of increasingly more complex macrocyclic ligands and in the application of this knowledge to understanding molecular recognition processes in host-guest chemistry in ways that were scarcely envisioned decades earlier. In October 2016, Professor Jean-Pierre Sauvage and Sir J. Fraser Stoddart (author for chapter 22 «Contractile and Extensile Molecular Systems: Towards Molecular Muscles» by Jean -Pierre Sauvage, Vincent Duplan, and Fr?d?ric Niess and 20 «Serendipity» by Paul R. McGonigal and J. Fraser Stoddart respectively) were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry alongside fellow Wiley author Bernard Feringa, for the design and synthesis of molecular machines.

With contributions from the most prominent experts around the world, this resource provides an accessible summary of electrochemical techniques and the applications of electrochemical concepts to molecular-level systems. It describes the most important electro-active functional supramolecular systems developed so far, including rotaxanes and catenanes as molecular machines and as elements for information processing; dendrimers as molecular batteries, sensors, light harvesting antennae, and drug delivery systems; and bio-hybrid devices.

Presents an integrated view of the expression of bacterial genetic information, genome architecture and function, and bacterial physiology and pathogenesis This book blends information from the very latest research on bacterial chromosome and nucleoid architecture, whole-genome analysis, cell signaling, and gene expression control with well-known gene regulation paradigms from model organisms (including pathogens) to give readers a picture of how information flows from the environment to the gene, modulating its expression and influencing the competitive fitness of the microbe. Structure and Function of the Bacterial Genome explores the governance of the expression of the genes that make a bacterium what it is, and updates the basics of gene expression control with information about transcription promoter structure and function, the role of DNA as a regulatory factor (in addition to its role as a carrier of genetic information), small RNAs, RNAs that sense chemical signals, ribosomes and translation, posttranslational modification of proteins, and protein secretion. It looks at the forces driving the conservation and the evolution of the dynamic genome and offers chapters that cover DNA replication, DNA repair, plasmid biology, recombination, transposition, the roles of repetitive DNA sequences, horizontal gene transfer, the defense of the genome by CRISPR-Cas, restriction enzymes, Argonaute proteins and BREX systems. The book finishes with a chapter that gives an integrated overview of genome structure and function.  Blends knowledge of gene regulatory mechanisms with a consideration of nucleoid structure and dynamics Offers a 'DNA-centric' approach to considering transcription control Views horizontal gene transfer from a gene regulation perspective Assesses the opportunities and limitations of designing synthetic microbes or rewiring existing ones Structure and Function of the Bacterial Genome is an ideal book for graduate and undergraduate students studying microbial cell biology, bacterial pathogenesis, gene regulation, and molecular microbiology. It will also appeal to principal investigators conducting research on these and related topics and researchers in synthetic biology and other arms of biotechnology.

This book describes the electrochemical behavior of supramolecular systems. Special emphasis will be given to the electrochemistry of host-guest complexes, monolayer and multilayer assemblies, dendrimers, and other supramolecular assemblies. A fundamental theme throughout the book is to explore the effects that supramolecular structure exerts on the thermodynamics and kinetics of electrochemical reactions. Conversely, attention will be placed to the various ways in which electrochemical or redox conversions can be utilized to control or affect the structure or properties of supramolecular systems. This first book on this topic will be of value for graduate students and advanced researchers in both electrochemistry and supramolecular chemistry.

This book covers the emerging topic of DNA nanotechnology and DNA supramolecular chemistry in its broader sense. By taking DNA out of its biological role, this biomolecule has become a very versatile building block in materials chemistry, supramolecular chemistry and bio-nanotechnology. Many novel structures have been realized in the past decade, which are now being used to create molecular machines, drug delivery systems, diagnosis platforms or potential electronic devices. The book combines many aspects of DNA nanotechnology, including formation of functional structures based on covalent and non-covalent systems, DNA origami, DNA based switches, DNA machines, and alternative structures and templates. This broad coverage is very appealing since it combines both the synthesis of modified DNA as well as designer concepts to successfully plan and make DNA nanostructures. Contributing authors have provided first a general introduction for the non-specialist reader, followed by a more in-depth analysis and presentation of their topic. In this way the book is attractive and useful for both the non-specialist who would like to have an overview of the topic, as well as the specialist reader who requires more information and inspiration to foster their own research.

There has been a continual expansion in aquaculture, such that total production is fast approaching that of wild-caught fisheries. Yet the expansion is marred by continued problems of disease. New pathogens emerge, and others become associated with new conditions. Some of these pathogens become well established, and develop into major killers of aquatic species. Diagnosis and Control of Diseases of Fish and Shellfish focuses on the diagnosis and control of diseases of fish and shellfish, notably those affecting aquaculture. Divided into 12 chapters, the book discusses the range of bacterial, viral and parasitic pathogens, their trends, emerging problems, and the relative significance to aquaculture. Developments in diagnostics and disease management, including the widespread use of serological and molecular methods, are presented. Application/dose and mode of action of prebiotics, probiotics and medicinal plant products used to control disease are examined, as well as the management and hygiene precautions that can be taken to prevent/control the spread of disease. This book will be a valuable resource for researchers, students, diagnosticians, veterinarians, fish pathologists and microbiologists concerned with the management of diseases of fish and shellfish.

Control systems have come to play an important role in the performance of modern vehicles with regards to meeting goals on low emissions and low fuel consumption. To achieve these goals, modeling, simulation, and analysis have become standard tools for the development of control systems in the automotive industry. Modeling and Control of Engines and Drivelines provides an up-to-date treatment of the topic from a clear perspective of systems engineering and control systems, which are at the core of vehicle design. This book has three main goals. The first is to provide a thorough understanding of component models as building blocks. It has therefore been important to provide measurements from real processes, to explain the underlying physics, to describe the modeling considerations, and to validate the resulting models experimentally. Second, the authors show how the models are used in the current design of control and diagnosis systems. These system designs are never used in isolation, so the third goal is to provide a complete setting for system integration and evaluation, including complete vehicle models together with actual requirements and driving cycle analysis. Key features: Covers signals, systems, and control in modern vehicles Covers the basic dynamics of internal combustion engines and drivelines Provides a set of standard models and includes examples and case studies Covers turbo- and super-charging, and automotive dependability and diagnosis Accompanied by a web site hosting example models and problems and solutions Modeling and Control of Engines and Drivelines is a comprehensive reference for graduate students and the authors’ close collaboration with the automotive industry ensures that the knowledge and skills that practicing engineers need when analysing and developing new powertrain systems are also covered.